{"id":39778,"date":"2022-03-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-22T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/bilak-kaelin-2\/"},"modified":"2025-04-01T10:24:09","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T15:24:09","slug":"bilak-kaelin","status":"publish","type":"fmr_content","link":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061b \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647 24.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 90 \u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/span>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/span>[2]<\/span><\/span><\/a>. \u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 14 (\u0641) \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/span>COP 16<\/span>) \u0628\u0623\u0646 “<\/span>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647” \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 – \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u0645 – \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629- \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b 2015-2030 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062b\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/ \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u062a 109 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0646 <\/span>Nansen<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d <\/span>\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/span>[3]<\/span><\/span><\/a>. <\/span>\u0648<\/span>\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e (<\/span>COP21<\/span>) – \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u0645\u060c \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 (<\/span>(<\/span>WIM) <\/span>\u00a0\u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2030\u061b \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 – \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 – \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e<\/span> COP24<\/span> \u0648\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 WIM<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 (<\/span>GCM) <\/span>\u00a0)\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d – \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629- \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f\u00a0\u0623\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 14 (\u0641) \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646\u00a0<\/span>Cancun<\/span>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/span>\u00a0\u0648<\/span>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a\u00a0<\/span>Sendai\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0646<\/span>\u00a0Nansen\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u00a0<\/span>GCM<\/span>\u00a0\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u00a0\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/span>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 24) \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 30).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0646\u00a0<\/span>Nansen<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u00a0<\/span>HLP<\/span>\u00a0\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0631\u00a0<\/span>GCM<\/span>\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 18 \u0647\u0640) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/span>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a <\/span>Sendai<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b<\/span> \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 “\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644”<\/span>[4]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 <\/span>IDMC<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 (46)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 27 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/span>GCM<\/span>.<\/span> [5]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0641\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 <\/span>GCM<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. <\/span>\u0648<\/span>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 <\/span>SDGs) <\/span>) <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a <\/span>Sendai<\/span>.<\/span> [6]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 – \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 – \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 <\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 <\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0649<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a (\u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a\u062c\u064a <\/span>Fiji<\/span> \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0648 Vanuatu<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 “\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629” \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a<\/span> GCM <\/span>(<\/span>\u0647\u062f\u0641 5)\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 <\/span>GCM<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642<\/span>\u064a<\/span>\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 <\/span>(<\/span>IGAD)<\/span>– \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 – \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0645\u062c\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/span>Kampala <\/span>\u00a0\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2009<\/span> –<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0644\u0632\u0650\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064b\u064a\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e<\/span>[7]<\/span><\/span><\/a>. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 <\/span>HLP<\/span> (<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0635\u060c <\/span>\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0651\u0647”. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d. \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f (\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 – \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 – \u063a\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627 <\/span>Teitiota<\/span> \u0636\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 New Zealand<\/span> \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span>Kiribati<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647- \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d – \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span>Forced Migration Review<\/span> \u060c \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0643 <\/span>alexandra.bilak@idmc.ch<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a (<\/span>IDMC)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646<\/span>info@disasterdisplacement.org<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/span><\/span><\/a>IDMC<\/span> (2021) <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0635 78 \u0648 88<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0www.internal-displacement.org\/global-report\/grid2021\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[2]<\/span><\/span><\/a> IFRC<\/span> (2021 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0635 3031<\/span><\/p>\n

www.ifrc.org\/document\/displacement-in-a-changing-climate<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[3]<\/span><\/span><\/a>https:\/\/disasterdisplacement.org\/portfolio-item\/nipa-vol1<\/a><\/p>\n

[4]<\/span><\/span><\/a>www.undrr.org\/publication\/words-action-guidelines-disaster-displacement<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>www.preventionweb.net\/files\/58821_wiaarabicversion.pdf<\/a>f<\/a><\/p>\n

[5]<\/span><\/span><\/a> IDMC<\/span><\/em>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021<\/span><\/p>\n

www.internal-displacement.org\/idi2021<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[6]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 <\/span>A \/ RES \/ 71\/313 (2017)<\/span><\/p>\n

[7]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a: \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0635 4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>www.internaldisplacement-panel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/IDP-report-WEB-Arabic.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061b \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647 24.5…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":44052,"menu_order":0,"template":"","fmr_themes":[],"fmr_region":[],"fmr_issue":[117],"fmr_year":[],"fmr_content_type":[27],"fmr_languages":[35],"fmr_list_years":[571],"class_list":["post-39778","fmr_content","type-fmr_content","status-publish","hentry","fmr_issue-117","fmr_content_type-article","fmr_languages-arabic","fmr_list_years-571","entry","no-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 - Forced Migration Review<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 - Forced Migration Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061b \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647 24.5…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Forced Migration Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-01T15:24:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/\",\"name\":\"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 - Forced Migration Review\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-03-22T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-01T15:24:09+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"FMR 69 – \u0623\u0632\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0631\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/\",\"name\":\"Forced Migration Review\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Forced Migration Review\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/FMR_logo1.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/FMR_logo1.svg\",\"width\":53,\"height\":62,\"caption\":\"Forced Migration Review\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 - Forced Migration Review","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 - Forced Migration Review","og_description":"\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061b \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0647 24.5…","og_url":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/","og_site_name":"Forced Migration Review","article_modified_time":"2025-04-01T15:24:09+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"10 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/","url":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/","name":"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 - Forced Migration Review","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-03-22T05:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-01T15:24:09+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/bilak-kaelin\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"FMR 69 – \u0623\u0632\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0631","item":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/climate-crisis-2\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/","name":"Forced Migration Review","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#organization","name":"Forced Migration Review","url":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/FMR_logo1.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/FMR_logo1.svg","width":53,"height":62,"caption":"Forced Migration Review"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_content\/39778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_content"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/fmr_content"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_content\/39778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46321,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_content\/39778\/revisions\/46321"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_content\/44052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"fmr_themes","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_themes?post=39778"},{"taxonomy":"fmr_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_region?post=39778"},{"taxonomy":"fmr_issue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_issue?post=39778"},{"taxonomy":"fmr_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_year?post=39778"},{"taxonomy":"fmr_content_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_content_type?post=39778"},{"taxonomy":"fmr_languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_languages?post=39778"},{"taxonomy":"fmr_list_years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/fmr_list_years?post=39778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}