{"id":39758,"date":"2021-07-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/janmyr-2\/"},"modified":"2025-01-22T18:07:24","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T23:07:24","slug":"janmyr","status":"publish","type":"fmr_content","link":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/es\/issue67-ar\/janmyr\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0648\u0644\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span><span>\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u064f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1951 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1967 \u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627 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\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0646\u0629\u064b \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1951 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u063a\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0632\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651. \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064c\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629\u064c \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00bb \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span><span>\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0646\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0631 <strong><a href=\"mailto:Maja.janmyr@jus.uio.no\"><em><span dir=\"LTR\">Maja.janmyr@jus.uio.no<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/strong><em> <\/em>@MYRMEK<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span><span>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><span><span><span><span><span>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Jones M (2017) \u2018Expanding the Frontiers of Refugee Law: Developing a Broader Law of Asylum in the Middle East and Europe\u2019, <em>Journal of Human Rights Practice, <\/em>Vol 9, issue 2 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span>(\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646: \u0635\u064e\u0648\u0652\u063a\u064f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jhuman\/hux018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jhuman\/hux018<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><span><span><span><span><span>[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 (\u0628\u0650\u064a\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062f) \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 (\u0648\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u064a 851121).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><span><span><span><span><span>[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/uk\/protection\/basic\/3b66c39e1\/statute-office-united-nations-high-commissioner-refugees.html\"><span dir=\"LTR\">www.unhcr.org\/uk\/protection\/basic\/3b66c39e1\/statute-office-united-nations-high-commissioner-refugees.html<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\"><span><span><span><span><span>[4]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Slaughter A and Crisp J (2009) \u2018A Surrogate State? The Role of UNHCR in Protracted Refugee Situations\u2019,&nbsp; UNHCR <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span>(\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f \u0634\u064e\u0623\u0646\u064f \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"\/\/odid-rsc-fs1\/rsc-data$\/rsc-fmr\/FMR%2067%20Public%20health%20and%20WASH\/Mini-feature%20-%20non-signatories\/Edited%20articles\/www.unhcr.org\/research\/working\/4981cb432\/surrogate-state-role-unhcr-protracted-refugee-situations-amy-slaughter.html\">www.unhcr.org\/research\/working\/4981cb432\/surrogate-state-role-unhcr-protracted-refugee-situations-amy-slaughter.html<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><span><span><span><span><span>[5]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Feller E, Opening Address at 2009 Refugee Studies Centre conference <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span>(\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2009)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsc.ox.ac.uk\/events\/protecting-people-in-conflict-and-crisis-responding-to-the-challenges-of-a-changing-world\">https:\/\/www.rsc.ox.ac.uk\/events\/protecting-people-in-conflict-and-crisis-responding-to-the-challenges-of-a-changing-world<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><span><span><span><span><span>[6]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Zieck M (2008) \u2018The Legal Status of Afghan Refugees in Pakistan, a Story of Eight Agreements and Two Suppressed Premises\u2019, <em>International Journal of Refugee Law<\/em>, Vol 20, issue 2 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span>(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646: \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062d\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijrl\/een014\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijrl\/een014<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\"><span><span><span><span><span>[7]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> UNHCR (2004) \u2018Boosting Refugee Protection in Pakistan\u2019 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><span><span><span><span>(\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/news\/latest\/2004\/12\/41c6d2524\/boosting-refugee-protection-pakistan.html\">www.unhcr.org\/news\/latest\/2004\/12\/41c6d2524\/boosting-refugee-protection-pakistan.html<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><span><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><span><span><span><span><span>[8]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <a href=\"\/\/odid-rsc-fs1\/rsc-data$\/rsc-fmr\/FMR%2067%20Public%20health%20and%20WASH\/Mini-feature%20-%20non-signatories\/Edited%20articles\/www.unhcr.org\/4ee210d89.pdf\"><span dir=\"LTR\">www.unhcr.org\/4ee210d89.pdf<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u064f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1951 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1967 \u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0641\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0642\u061b \u0641\u0640149 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 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