{"id":41363,"date":"2013-04-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-04-29T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/decarvalho-2-3\/"},"modified":"2025-07-01T07:22:40","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T12:22:40","slug":"decarvalho-2-3","status":"publish","type":"fmr_content","link":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/es\/decarvalho-2-3\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9fugi\u00e9s LGBTI : le cas du Br\u00e9sil"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dans son analyse du bien-fond&eacute; de la crainte et de la pers&eacute;cution comme motifs d&rsquo;une demande d&rsquo;asile, le CONARE prend en compte la criminalisation des relations sexuelles entre les adultes de m&ecirc;me sexe pour &eacute;valuer les menaces qui p&egrave;sent sur la vie et la libert&eacute; des demandeurs d&rsquo;asile dans leur pays d&rsquo;origine. Sur 193 pays, 78 disposent toujours de lois criminalisant les actes sexuels consensuels entre deux adultes du m&ecirc;me sexe. Les sanctions encourues vont de plusieurs coups de fouet (ex: Iran) &agrave; deux mois de prison (ex: Alg&eacute;rie) ou encore &agrave; la perp&eacute;tuit&eacute; (ex: Bangladesh) voire m&ecirc;me la peine de mort (Iran, Mauritanie, Arabie saoudite, Soudan, Y&eacute;men).<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\" title=\"\">[1]<\/a> A l&rsquo;oppos&eacute; de ce mouvement, la Cour supr&ecirc;me du Br&eacute;sil a reconnu, en mai 2011, que les couples homosexuels ont les m&ecirc;mes droits que les couples h&eacute;t&eacute;rosexuels, y compris le droit &agrave; un traitement identique et &agrave; ne pas subir de discrimination.<\/p>\n<p>Toutefois, les politiques publiques en d&eacute;fense et en faveur des personnes LGBT ne sont ni suffisantes ni efficaces pour r&eacute;duire les violences homophobes au Br&eacute;sil. Au contraire, les violences contre les gays et les lesbiennes, y compris les meurtres, sont en constante augmentation. Le Br&eacute;sil ne s&rsquo;est dot&eacute; d&rsquo;aucune loi contre les crimes haineux et n&rsquo;a instaur&eacute; aucune institution ni aucun projet charg&eacute; de recenser les violences et les crimes homophobes. Une loi criminalisant l&rsquo;homophobie est en attente depuis plus de dix ans au Congres National.<\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, pour l&rsquo;instant, gr&acirc;ce &agrave; la reconnaissance des minorit&eacute;s sexuelles comme un groupe social en termes de droit &agrave; l&rsquo;asile, le droit br&eacute;silien des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s et la Convention de 1951 relative au statut des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s continuent d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre les outils les plus puissants pour d&eacute;fendre les droits des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s LGBTI au Br&eacute;sil.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Henrique Rabello de Carvalho <em><a href=\"mailto:henrique.carvalho@aol.com\">henrique.carvalho@aol.com<\/a><\/em> est avocat &agrave; Rio de Janeiro et membre de la Commission pour les droits LGBTI de l&rsquo;Association du barreau br&eacute;silien; il a travaill&eacute; pr&eacute;c&eacute;demment comme avocat pour Caritas et le bureau de l&rsquo;UNHCR &agrave; Rio de Janeiro. Cet article refl&egrave;te les perspectives personnelles de l&rsquo;auteur.<\/p>\n<div>\n\t<br clear=\"all\" \/><\/p>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" \/>\n<div id=\"edn1\">\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\" title=\"\">[1]<\/a> Association internationale lesbienne, gay, bisexuelle, trans et intersexe <a href=\"http:\/\/old.ilga.org\/Statehomophobia\/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf\">http:\/\/old.ilga.org\/Statehomophobia\/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dans son analyse du bien-fond&eacute; de la crainte et de la pers&eacute;cution comme motifs d&rsquo;une demande d&rsquo;asile, le CONARE prend en compte la criminalisation des relations sexuelles entre les adultes de m&ecirc;me sexe pour &eacute;valuer les menaces qui p&egrave;sent sur la vie et la libert&eacute; des demandeurs d&rsquo;asile dans leur pays d&rsquo;origine. Sur 193 pays,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","fmr_themes":[],"fmr_region":[],"fmr_issue":[90],"fmr_year":[],"fmr_content_type":[27],"fmr_languages":[37],"fmr_list_years":[562],"class_list":["post-41363","fmr_content","type-fmr_content","status-publish","hentry","fmr_issue-90","fmr_content_type-article","fmr_languages-french","fmr_list_years-562","entry","no-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>R\u00e9fugi\u00e9s LGBTI : le cas du Br\u00e9sil - Forced Migration Review<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/decarvalho-2-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u00e9fugi\u00e9s LGBTI : le cas du Br\u00e9sil - Forced Migration Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans son analyse du bien-fond&eacute; de la crainte et de la pers&eacute;cution comme motifs d&rsquo;une demande d&rsquo;asile, le CONARE prend en compte la criminalisation des relations sexuelles entre les adultes de m&ecirc;me sexe pour &eacute;valuer les menaces qui p&egrave;sent sur la vie et la libert&eacute; des demandeurs d&rsquo;asile dans leur pays d&rsquo;origine. 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