{"id":39819,"date":"2022-08-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-18T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/rodgers-4\/"},"modified":"2025-03-19T10:18:34","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T15:18:34","slug":"rodgers","status":"publish","type":"fmr_content","link":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/fr\/issue70-ar\/rodgers\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>UNHCR<\/span>) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 – \u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646- \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0641\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>GCR<\/span>) \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629” \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 “\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a”. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 <\/span>UNHCR<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>AAP<\/span>)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646) \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a” \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f “\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629” \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a (<\/span>UNDP<\/span>) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a (<\/span>UNDP<\/span>) \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>UNHCR<\/span>) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>UNHCR<\/span>) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>UNHCR<\/span>) \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>UNHCR<\/span>). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u061f<\/span><\/strong> \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u2013 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/span> [7]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0631\u0632 (<\/span>Cory Rodgers<\/span>)<\/span> cory.rodgers@qeh.ox.ac.uk<\/em><\/a> @CoryJRodgers<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/span><\/a> \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u064a (2001)<\/span> ‘<\/span>\u0627\u062d\u0630\u0631 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0629<\/span>! \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>UNHCR<\/span>)\u060c<\/span>\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/em> \u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 43 \u060c \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/span><\/a> \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0644\u064a \u062c\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0645 (2019). “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634” \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643 (<\/span>BRAC<\/span>) \u060c \u062f\u0643\u0627<\/span><\/p>\n

[3]<\/span><\/a> \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 <\/span>UNHCR<\/span><\/em> \u0648<\/span>CAD<\/span><\/em> (2029) <\/span>\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/bit.ly\/cash-kalobeyei<\/a><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0634\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u064a \u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0645 \u0648 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0625\u0633 (2020) “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 [\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629]: \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a” \u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/em> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/em> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 63 <\/span>https:\/\/ww.fmreview.org\/ar\/cities\/schell-hilmi-hirano<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[5]<\/span><\/a> \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 (<\/span>IOM<\/span><\/em>) \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0https:\/\/www.iom.int\/migrant-integration-and-social-cohesion<\/a><\/p>\n

[6]<\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>UNHCR<\/span>) \u0648 <\/span>\u00a0ICVA<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/bit.ly\/UNHCR-ICVA-ar<\/a><\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/span><\/a> \u0631\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0631\u0632 \u0633\u064a (2021) \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641”: \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646”\u060c \u00a0\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 34 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (UNHCR) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":36746,"menu_order":0,"template":"","fmr_themes":[],"fmr_region":[],"fmr_issue":[263],"fmr_year":[],"fmr_content_type":[27],"fmr_languages":[35],"fmr_list_years":[571],"class_list":["post-39819","fmr_content","type-fmr_content","status-publish","hentry","fmr_issue-263","fmr_content_type-article","fmr_languages-arabic","fmr_list_years-571","entry","no-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 - Forced Migration Review<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/issue70-ar\/rodgers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 - Forced Migration Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (UNHCR) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/issue70-ar\/rodgers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Forced Migration Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-19T15:18:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/issue70-ar\/rodgers\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/issue70-ar\/rodgers\/\",\"name\":\"\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 - 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