{"id":39996,"date":"2019-06-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-06-20T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/brekke-balkestaver-2\/"},"modified":"2025-03-12T17:28:04","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T22:28:04","slug":"brekke-balkestaver","status":"publish","type":"fmr_content","link":"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/fr\/ethics-ar\/brekke-balkestaver\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/span><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 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\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0626\u0630\u064d \u0645\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064d \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/span>2017 <\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0650\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062b\u0650\u0631\u0652 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b<\/span><\/span>[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0641\u0639\u064f\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span>\u2018 <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0627<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0652 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064c \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u064a\u064e\u062d\u0633\u064f\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0651\u064e\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u062a\u0651\u0650 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621\u061f <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/span><\/span><\/b>\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064d \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064e \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0651\u064e\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0651\u064f\u0647\u062f\u064e \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0646 <\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0652 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629\u064c \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0630\u0651\u064e\u0642\u0629\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0650\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0641\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0651\u064e\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u064e\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u062e\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b> \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621<\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0639\u064e\u0632\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064e\u062f\u0652\u064a\u0650 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0642\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/span><\/span><\/b>\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u064f\u062e\u064e\u0635\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u062d\u0650\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646 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\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0643\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064e\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 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\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064f\u061f <\/span><\/span><\/b>
\n\u0645\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u064e\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0652\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0650\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 <\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0647\u062a\u062f\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u2018 <\/span><\/span>\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0638\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0634\u064e\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0624 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u064e\u0627\u062c \u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0650\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064e \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u061f \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061f \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u064f\u062e\u064e\u0635\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064d \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064d \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651\u064e \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644\u064e \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0638\u0650 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0651\u0650<\/span><\/span> j.p.brekke@samfunnsforskning.no<\/i><\/a>
\n\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/span>http:\/\/www.socialresearch.no<\/i><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0622\u0646\u0652 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0643\u0651\u0650 <\/span><\/span>\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631<\/span><\/span> annebal@oslomet.no<\/i><\/a>
\n\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 <\/span><\/span>www.oslomet.no<\/i><\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n
\n
\n

[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 Brekke J-P, Groenningsaeter A G and Larsen K M (2018) \u2018Revocation of residence permits \u2013 Due process and judicial oversight in processing of revocation cases in Norway\u2019, Institute for Social Research report No. 6 <\/span><\/span>http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11250\/2500937<\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u064f\u062e\u064e\u0635\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 <\/span><\/span><\/span>– <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c<\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span>http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11250\/2500937 and Brekke J-P, Birkvad S R and Erdal M B (2019, forthcoming) \u2018Losing the Right to Stay<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span>Revocation of immigrant residence permits and citizenship in Norway \u2013 Experiences and effects\u2019, Institute for Social Research report<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 (<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0650 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u064f\u062e\u064e\u0635 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c <\/span><\/span><\/span>– <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064c \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span>http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11250\/2599967<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> https:\/\/www.udi.no\/en\/statistics-and-analysis\/european-migration-network—norway\/conferences-and-events\/conferences\/the-use-of-methods-and-technology-in-identity-verification-2017<\/span>\/<\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a <\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>2013\/32\/<\/span>EU<\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span>26 <\/span><\/span>\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/span>\/<\/span><\/span>\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 <\/span><\/span>2013 <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:32013L0032&from=en<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0650\u062d\u064e \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064e \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0645\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621. \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064c \u062a\u0650\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064c \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064c \u062c\u0650\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0647\u0630\u0647…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":42718,"menu_order":0,"template":"","fmr_themes":[],"fmr_region":[],"fmr_issue":[109],"fmr_year":[],"fmr_content_type":[27],"fmr_languages":[35],"fmr_list_years":[568],"class_list":["post-39996","fmr_content","type-fmr_content","status-publish","hentry","fmr_issue-109","fmr_content_type-article","fmr_languages-arabic","fmr_list_years-568","entry","no-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c - Forced Migration Review<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ethics-ar\/brekke-balkestaver\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c - Forced Migration Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0650\u062d\u064e \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064e \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0645\u0651\u0650\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621. \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064c \u062a\u0650\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064c \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064c \u062c\u0650\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0647\u0630\u0647…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ethics-ar\/brekke-balkestaver\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Forced Migration Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-12T22:28:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ethics-ar\/brekke-balkestaver\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fmreview.org\/ethics-ar\/brekke-balkestaver\/\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c - 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