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International donors’ requirements can prevent refugee-led organisations (RLOs) from accessing funding. Yet, as RLOs in Egypt demonstrate, direct finance for RLOs can deliver efficient, cost-effective and sustainable displacement response.

What does participatory philanthropy look like in practice? This article discusses the process of setting up the Asia Pacific Network of Refugees (APNOR) pooled fund for refugee-led organisations in the region.

Independent research into the practices of the Resourcing Refugee Leadership Initiative (RRLI) identified the value and impact of its participatory grant-making approach as well as opportunities to deepen accessibility and accountability.

Refugee-led organisations (RLOs) play a vital role in displacement response, but they could have far greater impact if they received more funding. The humanitarian system must adapt to recognise and finance RLOs within the localisation agenda.

How can investments support and harness the economic potential of forcibly displaced people? The refugee-lens investing movement offers a means to connect investors with businesses that support improvements in the lives of refugees.

Multilateral development banks can play an instrumental role in solutions to displacement linked with disasters, through investments in mitigation, climate adaptation and infrastructure to build communities’ long-term resilience.

People displaced due to climate impacts are owed financial reparations, but there is no one party responsible. An insurance model, whereby primary and ancillary contributors to climate change pay in to a fund, offers a way forward.

The Fund for responding to Loss and Damage presents an opportunity to increase the climate finance streams that support work on human mobility. Concerted efforts are needed to ensure that climate migrants are involved in decision-making.

Conversations on forced displacement in many cases still centre on the climate versus conflict dichotomy, but multiple factors often combine as triggers, requiring a more analytical approach to financing forced displacement response.

Examining how Brazil finances its response to Venezuelan displacement offers critical insights into the effectiveness of these mechanisms. It also raises important questions about migration, aid and human rights protection policies.